How many gallons of 98% H2SO4 is necessary to neutralize 5000 gallons of NaOH?
What it the molarity of the NaOH? Pure NaOH is a solid. I assume you are talking about a solution of NaOH in water.
Pure NaOH solid usually is sold as powder or flake form, not in solid crystal gallons
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide
Let me rephrase the question then. How much 98% H2SO4 is needed to neutralize 800 lbs of pure NaOH in 5000 gallons of water??
To answer this question, we need to use the concept of stoichiometry and the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction is as follows:
H2SO4 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) reacts with 2 moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce 1 mole of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and 2 moles of water (H2O).
To determine the amount of H2SO4 needed to neutralize 5000 gallons of NaOH, we need to follow these steps:
Step 1: Convert the volume of NaOH from gallons to liters.
1 gallon is approximately equal to 3.78541 liters.
Therefore, 5000 gallons of NaOH is equal to 5000 gallons * 3.78541 liters/gallon = 18,927 liters.
Step 2: Convert the volume of NaOH from liters to moles.
We need to use the concentration of NaOH to convert from volume (liters) to moles.
Given that 98% H2SO4 is used, it means that the concentration of NaOH is 98% as well.
To calculate the number of moles, we need to multiply the volume (in liters) by the concentration (in moles per liter).
Since the concentration is given in percentage (98%), we divide it by 100 to get the decimal form.
Moles of NaOH = Volume (liters) * Concentration (moles per liter)
Moles of NaOH = 18,927 liters * (98/100 moles per liter) = 18,486.46 moles
Step 3: Determine the ratio of H2SO4 to NaOH from the balanced equation.
From the balanced equation, we can see that the ratio of H2SO4 to NaOH is 1:2. It means that for every 1 mole of H2SO4, we need 2 moles of NaOH.
Step 4: Calculate the moles of H2SO4 required.
To find the moles of H2SO4 necessary, we need to multiply the moles of NaOH by the ratio of H2SO4 to NaOH.
Moles of H2SO4 = Moles of NaOH * (1 mole H2SO4 / 2 moles NaOH)
Moles of H2SO4 = 18,486.46 moles * (1/2) = 9,243.23 moles
Step 5: Convert the moles of H2SO4 to gallons.
To convert the moles of H2SO4 to gallons, we need to divide the moles by the concentration of H2SO4 and then convert it to gallons.
Moles to Gallons conversion: 1 mole H2SO4 = 98.079 grams H2SO4, and 1 gallon = 3.78541 liters.
Grams of H2SO4 = Moles of H2SO4 * Molecular weight of H2SO4
Grams of H2SO4 = 9,243.23 moles * 98.079 g/mol = 906,411.39 grams
Gallons of H2SO4 = Grams of H2SO4 / Concentration of H2SO4 * 1 gallon / 3.78541 liters
Gallons of H2SO4 = 906,411.39 grams / (98 g/L * 3.78541 L/gallon) = 2390.85 gallons
Therefore, approximately 2390.85 gallons of 98% H2SO4 is necessary to neutralize 5000 gallons of NaOH.