Which of the following changes will decrease the total amount of gaseous solute able to be dissolved in a liter of liquid water?
increasing temperature
increasing pressure
decreasing surface area
decreasing temperature
When you open a bottle of soda pop and you hold the bottle in your hand, what does it tell you regarding the pressure and the temperature?
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To determine which of the given changes will decrease the total amount of gaseous solute able to be dissolved in a liter of liquid water, we need to understand how each factor affects the solubility of gases in water.
1. Increasing temperature: According to Henry's Law, the solubility of gases in liquids generally decreases with increasing temperature. As the temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases, making them move more rapidly and escape from the liquid phase, resulting in a decrease in solubility. Therefore, increasing the temperature will decrease the total amount of gaseous solute that can be dissolved in water.
2. Increasing pressure: In contrast to temperature, increasing the pressure generally increases the solubility of gases in liquids, including water. This is known as Henry's Law. Higher pressure allows more gas molecules to enter the liquid phase, increasing the solubility. Consequently, increasing the pressure will increase the total amount of gaseous solute able to be dissolved.
3. Decreasing surface area: The surface area does not directly affect the solubility of gases in liquids. A decrease in surface area alone will not impact the total amount of gaseous solute that can be dissolved in water.
4. Decreasing temperature: As mentioned earlier, lowering the temperature decreases the solubility of most gases in liquids, which is consistent with Henry's Law. At lower temperatures, the gas molecules have lower kinetic energy, reducing their ability to overcome the attractive forces between the gas and liquid molecules, resulting in decreased solubility. Therefore, decreasing the temperature will decrease the total amount of gaseous solute that can be dissolved in water.
In conclusion, among the given options, increasing temperature and decreasing temperature will decrease the total amount of gaseous solute able to be dissolved in a liter of liquid water.