Does the resonance position change as the length of the tube changes, for example a longer tube?
i don't know what you mean by "resonance position". The fundamental and harmonic frequencies all change. So do the "resonant" frequencies, which amount to the same thing.
Yes, the resonance position does change as the length of the tube changes. The resonance position refers to the specific frequency at which an air column in a tube vibrates most efficiently, producing a loud sound. The length of the tube affects the wavelength of the sound wave and consequently alters its resonance position.
To understand why this happens, we can look at the fundamental principle of resonance in tubes, known as the "open-closed" or "closed-open" tube configuration. In an open-closed tube (such as a flute), one end is open, and the other end is closed. In a closed-open tube (such as a clarinet or oboe), one end is closed, and the other end is open.
For an open-closed tube, the fundamental frequency (the first resonance) occurs when the length of the tube is equal to one-fourth of the wavelength of the sound wave. So, as the length of the tube increases, the wavelength increases, and the resonance position shifts to a lower frequency.
Conversely, for a closed-open tube, the fundamental frequency occurs when the length of the tube is equal to one-half of the wavelength. In this case, as the length of the tube increases, the wavelength increases, and the resonance position also shifts to a lower frequency.
In summary, when the length of a tube increases, the resonance position shifts to a lower frequency due to the change in the wavelength of the sound wave.