how would you make one gram potassium chloride with barium chloride and potassium carbonate
To make one gram of potassium chloride using barium chloride and potassium carbonate, you need to calculate the quantities required based on the stoichiometry of the reaction. The balanced equation for the reaction between barium chloride (BaCl2) and potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is:
BaCl2 + K2CO3 -> BaCO3 + 2KCl
From the balanced equation, you can see that one mole of barium chloride reacts with one mole of potassium carbonate to produce one mole of barium carbonate and two moles of potassium chloride.
1. Determine the molar mass of potassium chloride (KCl). The molar mass of potassium (K) is approximately 39.10 g/mol, and the molar mass of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.45 g/mol. Thus, the molar mass of KCl is 39.10 + 35.45 = 74.55 g/mol.
2. Calculate the molar mass of potassium carbonate (K2CO3). The molar mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12.01 g/mol, and the molar mass of oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of K2CO3 is (2 * 39.10) + 12.01 + (3 * 16.00) = 138.21 g/mol.
3. Calculate the molar mass of barium chloride (BaCl2). The molar mass of barium (Ba) is approximately 137.33 g/mol, and the molar mass of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.45 g/mol. Hence, the molar mass of BaCl2 is 137.33 + (2 * 35.45) = 207.23 g/mol.
4. Determine the ratio of the molar masses between KCl and K2CO3. The molar mass ratio is calculated by dividing the molar mass of KCl by the molar mass of K2CO3: 74.55 / 138.21 = 0.538.
5. Since the ratio between KCl and K2CO3 is 0.538, to make one gram of potassium chloride, you would need to mix 0.538 grams of barium chloride and 1 gram of potassium carbonate.
Note: The reaction between barium chloride and potassium carbonate will not give you pure potassium chloride. It will also produce barium carbonate (BaCO3). Additionally, it is essential to handle these chemicals with caution as they can be hazardous.