Hi!

For an orgo lab we had to isolate the following from milk powder and now I have to calculate the percentage yield, but first I need the theoretical yield. Can someone help me on the following? I need to know how of each there is in milk and I can do further calculation of the 4g of powdered milk we used in lab. It's from the groceries so I think it is safe to say its cow's milk. Please!!

-Percent of casein isolated from the powdered milk
-Percent of albumins isolated from the powdered milk
-Percent of lactose isolated from the powdered milk

Of course, I can help you calculate the theoretical yield for each component. To do this, we need to know the composition of milk.

The composition of cow's milk can vary slightly, but on average, it contains approximately:

- Casein: 2.8-3.3%
- Albumins: 0.4-0.8%
- Lactose: 4.7-5.2%

Since your powdered milk is sourced from cows, we can assume it has similar composition.

To calculate the amount of each component in the 4g of powdered milk you used in the lab, we can use the following steps:

1. Calculate the mass of each component in 4g of milk powder:
- Casein: Mass of Casein = 4g * Percent of Casein in milk (in decimal form)
- Albumins: Mass of Albumins = 4g * Percent of Albumins in milk (in decimal form)
- Lactose: Mass of Lactose = 4g * Percent of Lactose in milk (in decimal form)

2. Convert the masses to percentages:
- Percent of Casein isolated from the powdered milk = (Mass of Casein / 4g) * 100
- Percent of Albumins isolated from the powdered milk = (Mass of Albumins / 4g) * 100
- Percent of Lactose isolated from the powdered milk = (Mass of Lactose / 4g) * 100

Now, let's calculate the theoretical yield for each component using the average composition of cow's milk:

- Casein: Mass of Casein = 4g * 0.03 (assuming 3% casein content)
- Albumins: Mass of Albumins = 4g * 0.006 (assuming 0.6% albumin content)
- Lactose: Mass of Lactose = 4g * 0.05 (assuming 5% lactose content)

Finally, you can calculate the percentage yield for each component by dividing the actual yield (the mass you obtained in the lab) by the theoretical yield and multiplying by 100:

- Percentage Yield of Casein = (Actual yield of Casein / Theoretical yield of Casein) * 100
- Percentage Yield of Albumins = (Actual yield of Albumins / Theoretical yield of Albumins) * 100
- Percentage Yield of Lactose = (Actual yield of Lactose / Theoretical yield of Lactose) * 100

By following these steps, you can calculate the theoretical yield and percentage yield for each component isolated from the powdered milk used in your lab.