1) (A) Mary murdered the platypus
(B) Mary killed something
Is the answer:
(a) entails (b)
OR (a) presupposes (b)
OR both
2) (A) John is taller than Mary
(B) Mary is shorter than John
Is the answer:
(a) entails (b)
OR (a) presupposes (b)
OR both
1. It has to be the first choice; the second choice is false, so the third choice is false, too.
2. It has to be both since both sentences are saying the same thing.
why does #1 not presuppose? If it is undern negatation, such as Mary did not murdered the platypus. Does it still necessarily mean that she she still did not kill something?
To determine whether (A) entails (B), (A) presupposes (B), or both in each case, we can evaluate the logical relationship between the statements.
1) (A) Mary murdered the platypus
(B) Mary killed something
In this example, (A) entails (B). If Mary murdered the platypus, it necessarily means that she killed something. The truth of (A) guarantees the truth of (B). Therefore, the answer is (a) entails (b).
2) (A) John is taller than Mary
(B) Mary is shorter than John
In this example, neither (A) entails (B) nor (A) presupposes (B). (A) does not logically guarantee the truth of (B) since John could be taller than Mary, equal in height to Mary, or even shorter but not shorter than Mary. Similarly, (A) does not assume or presuppose anything about (B). Therefore, the answer is neither (a) entails (b) nor (a) presupposes (b).