The end of a thin glass-wall tube with an inside diameter of 1-mm is inserted into a reservoir of pure water with a temperature of 25 degree C.
What is the surface tension (adhesoin) force on the water inside the tube?
To what height will the water rise in the tube?
Please type your subject in the School Subject box. Any other words, including obscure abbreviations, are likely to delay responses from a teacher who knows that subject well.
To find the surface tension force on the water inside the tube, you can use the equation:
Force = Surface Tension * Length of the Liquid Contact
To find the length of the liquid contact, you need to know the height to which the water will rise in the tube. Once you have the height, you can use it to calculate the length.
To determine the height to which the water will rise in the tube, you can use the equation for capillary rise:
h = (2 * Surface Tension * cosine(angle of contact)) / (density * gravity * radius)
Here:
- h is the height to which the water will rise,
- Surface Tension is the surface tension of water,
- cosine(angle of contact) is the cosine of the angle made by the water surface with the tube wall (for water in a glass tube, it is typically taken as 1),
- density is the density of water,
- gravity is the acceleration due to gravity,
- radius is the inside radius of the tube.
We know that the inside diameter of the tube is 1 mm, so the radius (r) would be half of that, which is 0.5 mm or 0.0005 m.
Now let's calculate the surface tension force and the height to which the water will rise in the tube:
1. Surface tension force:
To calculate the surface tension force, we'll need to know the length of the liquid contact. Assuming the tube is in a vertical position, the length of the liquid contact will be equal to the height to which the water rises.
2. Height to which water rises:
Using the formula for capillary rise mentioned above, we can calculate the height (h).
Note: To complete the calculations, we need the values of surface tension and density of water. The surface tension of water at 25 degrees Celsius is about 0.0728 N/m, and the density of water at this temperature is about 997 kg/m³.
Now, let's substitute these values into the equations to calculate the surface tension force and the height to which the water will rise in the tube.