When the electrons are aligned in the magnetic domains of two materials,what occurs- what is it called
When the electrons in the magnetic domains of two materials become aligned, it results in a phenomenon called ferromagnetism. Ferromagnetism is a property exhibited by certain materials, such as iron, nickel, and cobalt, where the electron spins align in the same direction, creating a strong magnetic field.
To understand why this alignment occurs, it is important to know that each atom possesses tiny magnetic moments due to the spinning of its electrons. In a non-magnetic material, these moments are randomly oriented, canceling each other out. However, in ferromagnetic materials, when the atoms are arranged in a particular structure called a crystal lattice, neighboring atoms influence each other's magnetic moments.
At low temperatures, an external magnetic field can align the electron spins in one direction within small regions of the material called magnetic domains. Thus, within a domain, the magnetic moments act in concert, reinforcing each other's magnetic field. When two or more domains in separate materials align with each other, a strong magnetic attraction occurs.
This alignment of electron spins in magnetic domains between two materials is known as magnetic alignment and plays a fundamental role in various applications, including the creation of magnets and magnetic storage devices like hard drives.