Show that one mole of sugar equals 342 grams.
To show that one mole of sugar equals 342 grams, you will need to understand the concept of molar mass and utilize it to calculate the molar mass of sugar.
Here's how you can do it:
1. Start by identifying the molecular formula of sugar. Common table sugar, also known as sucrose, has the molecular formula C12H22O11.
2. Determine the atomic masses of each element in the molecular formula. You can find the atomic masses of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) on the periodic table.
The atomic mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12.01 grams/mol,
the atomic mass of hydrogen (H) is approximately 1.008 grams/mol,
and the atomic mass of oxygen (O) is approximately 16.00 grams/mol.
3. Multiply the atomic masses of each element by the number of atoms of that element in the molecular formula. In the case of sucrose (C12H22O11), you have 12 carbon atoms, 22 hydrogen atoms, and 11 oxygen atoms.
Calculations:
(12 carbon atoms × 12.01 grams/mol) = 144.12 grams/mol
(22 hydrogen atoms × 1.008 grams/mol) = 22.18 grams/mol
(11 oxygen atoms × 16.00 grams/mol) = 176.00 grams/mol
4. Add up the masses obtained for each element to get the molar mass of sugar.
Molar mass of sugar (C12H22O11) = 144.12 grams/mol + 22.18 grams/mol + 176.00 grams/mol
Molar mass of sugar (C12H22O11) = 342.30 grams/mol (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, one mole of sugar (C12H22O11) has a molar mass of approximately 342 grams.