Determine the volume of concentrated HCL and the volume of water needed to produce 20mL of 6M HCL.
To determine the volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) and water needed to produce 20 mL of 6 M HCl, we can use the dilution formula:
C1 * V1 = C2 * V2
Where:
C1 = initial concentration of the concentrated HCl solution
V1 = volume of the concentrated HCl solution
C2 = final concentration of the diluted HCl solution
V2 = final volume of the diluted HCl solution
In this case, we want to dilute the concentrated HCl solution to obtain a final volume of 20 mL and a final concentration of 6 M.
Let's assume the concentration of the concentrated HCl is C1 M, and the volume of the concentrated HCl solution needed is V1 mL.
Using the dilution formula, we can calculate V2:
C1 * V1 = C2 * V2
Substituting the given values:
C1 * V1 = 6 M * 20 mL
Now, we need the concentration of the concentrated HCl solution. Concentrated HCl solutions typically have a concentration of 37% by weight and a density of 1.19 g/mL.
To convert from weight percent to molar concentration:
- First, calculate the molar mass of HCl, which is 1 g/mol for hydrogen and 35.5 g/mol for chlorine. Therefore, the molar mass of HCl is 1 + 35.5 = 36.5 g/mol.
- Secondly, convert the weight percent to grams per milliliter (g/mL) by multiplying the weight percent by the density (1.19 g/mL).
- Finally, calculate the molar concentration (C1) by dividing the grams per milliliter (g/mL) by the molar mass (36.5 g/mol).
Let's assume the molar concentration of the concentrated HCl is C1 M.
Now, we can substitute the value of C1 into the dilution formula:
C1 * V1 = 6 M * 20 mL
We can rearrange the equation to solve for V1:
V1 = (6 M * 20 mL) / C1
Note that the units need to be consistent in this calculation. If you're working with different units, you should convert them appropriately.
Once you have calculated V1 using the above equation, you can determine the volume of water by subtracting V1 from the final volume of the diluted solution (20 mL - V1).
Remember to double-check your calculations, and if you're working with hazardous substances like concentrated HCl, make sure to follow appropriate safety guidelines.