I think the answer is a, but I would choose e if it weren't for letter d. Because I don't believe that his taxes actually resolved the financial crisis. Help, please.

The financial crisis of the pre-1789 period in France:
a. was caused primarily by war costs and upkeep of the army and navy
b. was caused primarily by the extravagance of the royal court
c. was caused primarily by the corruption in the Church
d. was resolved by Louis XVI's imposition of new, universal land taxes
e. all of the above

I would say a due to the constant wars with England and support of the revolution in the US.