Posted by AHS on Tuesday, January 11, 2011 at 12:26pm.
A is correct although C comes close but I would discount C because quarks, as individual particles, are not present in the nucleus. Neutrons and protons are made of quarks; neutrons and protons are in the nucleus.
There are six kinds of quarks (at least the last time I counted) each with a corresponding anti-quark; up quarks and down quarks along with charm, strange, top (or truth) and bottom (or beauty) and these names may have changed by now. The up quarks have +2/3 charge and the down quarks have -1/3 charge. A proton is made of 2 ups and 1 down (2/3 + 2/3 - 1/3 = 3/3 = +1 charge) while a neutron is made of 1 up and 2 down (+2/3 - 1/3 - 1/3 = 0 charge). There is more but I think that answers the question without getting too whacky.
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