What is the conjugate base for each of the following acids? NH3, HSO3-, H2PO4-, H3O+, NH4+.
the conjugate base differ by one less hydrogen proton
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H2PO4
To determine the conjugate base for each of the given acids, you need to remove a proton (H+) from each acid.
1. NH3 (ammonia): The conjugate base is NH2- because it has gained one additional electron and is negatively charged.
2. HSO3- (sulfurous acid): The conjugate base is SO32- (sulfite ion) because it has lost one proton (H+) and is negatively charged.
3. H2PO4- (dihydrogen phosphate): The conjugate base is HPO42- (hydrogen phosphate ion) because it has lost one proton (H+) and is negatively charged.
4. H3O+ (hydronium ion): The conjugate base is H2O (water) because it has lost one proton (H+).
5. NH4+ (ammonium ion): The conjugate base is NH3 (ammonia) because it has lost one proton (H+).
So, the conjugate bases for NH3, HSO3-, H2PO4-, H3O+, and NH4+ are NH2-, SO32-, HPO42-, H2O, and NH3, respectively.
To identify the conjugate base of an acid, you need to remove a proton (H+) from the acid molecule. Let's go through each acid and determine their conjugate bases:
1. NH3 (ammonia): The conjugate base is NH2-. To obtain the conjugate base, remove a proton (H+) from NH3, resulting in NH2-.
2. HSO3- (bisulfite ion): The conjugate base is SO32-. To obtain the conjugate base, remove a proton (H+) from HSO3-, resulting in SO32-.
3. H2PO4- (dihydrogen phosphate ion): The conjugate base is HPO42-. To obtain the conjugate base, remove a proton (H+) from H2PO4-, resulting in HPO42-.
4. H3O+ (hydronium ion): The conjugate base is H2O (water). To obtain the conjugate base, remove a proton (H+) from H3O+, resulting in H2O.
5. NH4+ (ammonium ion): The conjugate base is NH3 (ammonia). To obtain the conjugate base, remove a proton (H+) from NH4+, resulting in NH3.
By removing a proton from each acid molecule, we can identify their respective conjugate bases.