What is the electron domain for:
a)CH3I
b)ClF3
c)H2S
d)SO3
e)SO4^-2
To determine the electron domain for each molecule, we need to count the number of regions around the central atom where electron pairs are located. We can determine this by looking at the molecular geometry and considering the number of lone pairs and bonding pairs around the central atom.
a) CH3I:
The central atom is carbon (C). It has 3 hydrogens (H) and 1 iodine (I) attached to it. Since carbon has 4 total regions of electron density (1 for each bonding pair and 3 for the lone hydrogens), the electron domain is 4.
b) ClF3:
The central atom is chlorine (Cl). It has 3 fluorines (F) attached to it. Additionally, chlorine has one lone pair of electrons. So, there are 3 bonding regions and 1 lone pair region around chlorine. The electron domain is 4.
c) H2S:
The central atom is sulfur (S). It has 2 hydrogens (H) attached to it. Since sulfur has 2 total regions of electron density (1 for each bonding pair) and there are no lone pairs, the electron domain is 2.
d) SO3:
The central atom is sulfur (S). It has 3 oxygens (O) attached to it. Since sulfur has 3 total regions of electron density (1 for each bonding pair) and there are no lone pairs, the electron domain is 3.
e) SO4^-2:
The central atom is sulfur (S). It has 4 oxygens (O) attached to it. Since sulfur has 4 total regions of electron density (1 for each bonding pair) and there are 2 additional lone pairs on the sulfur atom due to the -2 charge, the electron domain is 6.
To determine the electron domain for a molecule, we need to count the number of electron domains around the central atom. An electron domain can be a lone pair of electrons or a bond (single, double, or triple bond). Let's analyze each molecule given:
a) CH3I: In this molecule, the central atom is carbon (C). Carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms (H) and one iodine atom (I). Each bond consists of one electron domain. Therefore, the electron domain for CH3I is four.
b) ClF3: In this molecule, the central atom is chlorine (Cl). Chlorine is bonded to three fluorine atoms (F) and has one lone pair of electrons. Each bond and lone pair represents one electron domain. Therefore, the electron domain for ClF3 is four.
c) H2S: In this molecule, the central atom is sulfur (S). Sulfur is bonded to two hydrogen atoms (H) and has two lone pairs of electrons. Each bond and lone pair represents one electron domain. Therefore, the electron domain for H2S is four.
d) SO3: In this molecule, the central atom is sulfur (S). Sulfur is bonded to three oxygen atoms (O). Each bond represents one electron domain. Therefore, the electron domain for SO3 is three.
e) SO4^-2: In this molecule, the central atom is sulfur (S). Sulfur is bonded to four oxygen atoms (O) and has two extra electrons (giving the molecule a -2 charge). Each bond represents one electron domain, and the lone pairs of electrons also represent electron domains. Therefore, the electron domain for SO4^-2 is six.