How did the Hayes-Tilden deal lead to the Jim Crow laws in the South?

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_election.html

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The Hayes-Tilden deal, also known as the Compromise of 1877, was an informal agreement that resolved the disputed 1876 presidential election between Rutherford B. Hayes and Samuel J. Tilden. The deal essentially gave Hayes the presidency while removing federal troops from the South, effectively ending Reconstruction and marking the beginning of the Jim Crow era.

To understand how the Hayes-Tilden deal led to Jim Crow laws in the South, it's important to understand the historical context. Following the Civil War and abolition of slavery, the South experienced a period known as Reconstruction, which aimed to rebuild the southern states and ensure civil rights for newly emancipated African Americans. However, Reconstruction faced opposition from white Southerners who resented the changes and sought to regain control over their states.

During the presidential election of 1876, a political deadlock occurred, with disputed results in several states, primarily located in the South. Southern Democrats contested the election, accusing Republicans of voter fraud and other irregularities. Eventually, a special Electoral Commission was formed to resolve the disputes. The commission included five senators, five representatives, and five Supreme Court justices. It ultimately awarded disputed electoral votes to Hayes, making him the President.

In exchange for the Democrats' acceptance of the outcome, Hayes agreed to several Southern demands that significantly impacted the status of African Americans and led to the establishment of Jim Crow laws. These demands included the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, appointing a Southern Democrat to Hayes' cabinet, and increasing federal funding for internal improvements in the Southern states.

With the removal of federal troops, Southern states were left to their own devices, and they quickly began implementing a system of racial segregation and oppression known as Jim Crow laws. These laws enforced racial segregation in public spaces, such as schools, transportation, and even drinking fountains. They also imposed heavy restrictions on African Americans' voting rights, including literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses, which disproportionately affected black citizens and effectively suppressed their political power.

Furthermore, acts of violence and intimidation, such as lynchings, became more prevalent during the Jim Crow era, as African Americans faced heightened discrimination and racial tension throughout the South. This racial oppression persisted for several decades, until eventually challenged and dismantled during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s.

In summary, the Hayes-Tilden deal contributed to the rise of Jim Crow laws in the South by effectively ending Reconstruction, removing federal protections for African Americans, and allowing Southern states to enforce racial segregation and discrimination.