What is the chemistry of a fusible alloy, and how is one incorporated into an automatic sprinkler system?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood%27s_metal

I cannot find how the wood's metal is incorporated into the automatic sprinkler system?

The chemistry of a fusible alloy typically involves a mixture of different metals with low melting points, commonly including bismuth, lead, tin, and cadmium. The specific composition of the alloy will depend on the desired melting point and other properties required for its intended application.

Incorporating a fusible alloy into an automatic sprinkler system is a safety measure known as a "sprinkler head." The sprinkler head consists of a metal frame with a glass bulb containing the fusible alloy. The metal frame is attached to the water supply pipe network, typically on the ceiling or upper part of a room.

When a fire occurs, the heat from the flames raises the temperature of the air in the vicinity. As the temperature increases, it eventually reaches the melting point of the fusible alloy inside the glass bulb. Once the alloy melts, it no longer holds back the flow of water.

At this point, the fusible alloy transforms into a liquid state, which causes the glass bulb to shatter due to the pressure of the water. The water is then released from the sprinkler head, and it effectively suppresses or extinguishes the fire, preventing it from spreading further.

The incorporation of the fusible alloy into the automatic sprinkler system is crucial for activating the system solely in areas where there is a direct exposure to the elevated temperatures produced by a fire. This design ensures targeted and efficient fire suppression without unnecessarily activating the sprinkler system in other parts of the building, thus minimizing water damage.

Overall, the precise chemistry of the fusible alloy and its integration into an automatic sprinkler system play a vital role in providing fire safety by initiating the swift response of water flow when needed.