1. What is another name for freezing, the opposite of melting?
2. What happens to the boiling point of water when you measure it at high altitudes?
3. What intermolecular forces act in the following: H2PH3 CH3NH2
4. Give an example of an atomic solid?
1. Another name for freezing, the opposite of melting, is solidification. This process occurs when a substance, typically a liquid, loses enough heat energy to transition into a solid state. To find the answer to this question, you can search terms such as "opposite of melting" or "synonym for freezing" in a search engine or consult a chemistry textbook.
2. When you measure the boiling point of water at high altitudes, it decreases. This happens because the atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases. At higher altitudes, the lower atmospheric pressure means that water molecules require less energy to escape into the gas phase, causing the boiling point to decrease. To find more information on this topic, you can search phrases like "effect of altitude on boiling point of water" or refer to scientific articles or textbooks related to physical properties of substances.
3. The intermolecular forces in H2PH3 and CH3NH2 are primarily hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom (such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine), and it experiences a stronger attraction to neighboring electronegative atoms. In both H2PH3 (phosphine) and CH3NH2 (methylamine), there are hydrogen atoms bonded to nitrogen, which leads to the formation of hydrogen bonds. To determine the intermolecular forces in a particular compound, you can investigate the molecular structure and identify the presence of hydrogen bonding or other intermolecular forces.
4. An example of an atomic solid is diamond. Atomic solids are composed of individual atoms held together by strong covalent bonds. In the case of diamond, each carbon atom is connected with four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral structure, forming a three-dimensional lattice. This strong covalent bonding between carbon atoms gives diamond its characteristic hardness and high melting point. To find examples of atomic solids, you can search for "examples of atomic solids" or consult a chemistry or materials science textbook.