If you had one gallon of concentrated hydrochloric acid (12 N) and added water to make dilute hydrochloric acid (6 N), how much dilute hydrochloric acid would you have?

You would have two gallons of solution.

vol x N = vol x N
1 gallon x 12N = gallons x 6N
vol =12/6 = 2 gallons.

To determine the amount of dilute hydrochloric acid obtained by adding water, we can use the concept of dilution. The principle of dilution states that the product of the initial concentration and volume equals the final concentration and volume.

Let's denote the initial volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid as V1 and the final volume of dilute hydrochloric acid as V2. We know that the initial concentration (C1) of the concentrated acid is 12 N, and the final concentration (C2) of the dilute acid is 6 N.

According to the principle of dilution, we have the equation:

C1 * V1 = C2 * V2

Substituting the known values, we have:

12 N * V1 = 6 N * V2

Now, let's solve for V2, which represents the final volume of dilute hydrochloric acid.

Dividing both sides of the equation by 6 N:

V1 = 0.5 * V2

To find the value of V2, we can substitute V1 = 1 gallon into the equation:

1 gallon = 0.5 * V2

Now, solving for V2, the final volume of dilute hydrochloric acid:

V2 = 2 * 1 gallon

Therefore, by adding water to one gallon of concentrated hydrochloric acid (12 N) to make dilute hydrochloric acid (6 N), you would obtain two gallons of dilute hydrochloric acid.