How many molecules of Cl2 would be formed from the reaction mixture that produces the greatest amount of products?
Consider the following reaction: 4HCl(g)+ O2(g)to 2H2O +2Cl2(g)
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To determine the number of molecules of Cl2 formed from the reaction mixture that produces the greatest amount of products, we need to use stoichiometry.
The balanced equation shows that for every 4 molecules of HCl reacting, we obtain 2 molecules of Cl2. Therefore, the stoichiometric ratio between HCl and Cl2 is 4:2 or 2:1.
Since we are only provided with the amount of HCl and O2 gases, we need to compare the number of moles of HCl with the stoichiometric ratio to determine the limiting reactant.
Once we know the limiting reactant, we can calculate the number of moles of Cl2 formed and then convert it into the number of molecules using Avogadro's number.
Step-by-step calculation:
1. Determine the limiting reactant:
- Convert the number of grams of HCl given to moles by dividing by the molar mass of HCl.
- Convert the number of grams of O2 given to moles by dividing by the molar mass of O2.
2. Compare the moles of HCl with the stoichiometric ratio.
- If the moles of HCl divided by 4 is lower than the moles of O2 divided by 1, then HCl is the limiting reactant.
- If the moles of O2 divided by 1 is lower than the moles of HCl divided by 4, then O2 is the limiting reactant.
3. Calculate the moles of Cl2 formed from the limiting reactant.
- If HCl is the limiting reactant, the moles of Cl2 formed will be half the moles of HCl.
- If O2 is the limiting reactant, the moles of Cl2 formed will be equal to the moles of O2.
4. Convert the moles of Cl2 to the number of molecules using Avogadro's number.
- Multiply the moles of Cl2 by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 molecules/mol) to obtain the number of molecules of Cl2 formed.
Note: To calculate the exact number of molecules formed, you will need to know the specific amounts of HCl and O2 involved in the reaction.