o Describe how the Cold War ideology that crystallized after WWII changed wartime alliances that had existed during the war.

o Describe how American Cold War policies and practices influenced international relations from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s.

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1. Make a list of the countries that were allied and enemies between 1940 and 1945. Then list the countries that chose sides in the late 40s to 80s.

2. What happened from about 1948 to 1956?

To understand how the Cold War ideology changed wartime alliances and how American Cold War policies influenced international relations, we need to break down each question into its key components:

1. Cold War ideology and wartime alliances:
The Cold War refers to the geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II, which lasted from the late 1940s to the early 1990s. This ideological conflict saw a shift in alliances that had formed during World War II.

During World War II, the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union were united in their fight against the Axis Powers. However, as the war came to an end, ideological differences between the democratic West and the communist Soviet Union led to the emergence of the Cold War. This ideological conflict reshaped alliances.

The wartime alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union dissolved as each side pursued its own ideological goals. The Soviet Union sought to spread communism, while the United States aimed to promote democracy and capitalism. This divergence led to the formation of two opposing blocs: the Western bloc, led by the United States, and the Eastern bloc, led by the Soviet Union. These blocs consisted of countries aligned with either the United States or the Soviet Union, and the alliances that had existed during wartime shifted accordingly.

2. American Cold War policies and international relations:
American Cold War policies and practices had a significant impact on international relations from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. The United States pursued a containment policy, aiming to prevent the spread of communism and Soviet influence.

One key American policy was the Truman Doctrine, announced in 1947. It provided military and economic assistance to countries threatened by communist expansion. This policy shifted the United States towards a more interventionist approach, as it sought to contain Soviet influence and stop the spread of communism.

Another important policy was the Marshall Plan, implemented in 1948. This initiative aimed to rebuild the war-torn countries of Europe and prevent economic instability that might fuel communist revolutions. The Marshall Plan offered economic aid to European countries, which further solidified American influence in those regions.

Additionally, the emergence of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 showcased America's commitment to collective defense against potential Soviet aggression. NATO formed a military alliance of Western countries, with the United States as a key player. This alliance countered the Eastern bloc's Warsaw Pact, led by the Soviet Union.

Moreover, the American Cold War policies also included domestic practices, such as the persecution of suspected communists within the United States, known as McCarthyism. This internal campaign against communism resulted in the blacklisting of individuals from various spheres of society, including the entertainment industry, and created significant fear and tension within American society.

In summary, the Cold War ideology brought about a shift in alliances that had existed during World War II. The United States and the Soviet Union moved from being allies against the Axis Powers to becoming rivals during the Cold War. American Cold War policies, such as containment, the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and the establishment of NATO, influenced international relations by promoting the spread of democracy, capitalism, and American influence, while also working to prevent the expansion of communism.