A solution that is formed by combining 600. mL of 0.20 M NaOH with 400. mL of 0.40 M HNO3 has an H+ concentration of
0.28M
To find the H+ concentration of the solution, we need to determine the amount of HNO3 that dissociates and the molar ratio between HNO3 and H+ ions.
Step 1: Calculate the moles of NaOH and HNO3:
Moles of NaOH = Volume (L) x Concentration (mol/L)
Moles of NaOH = 0.600 L x 0.20 mol/L = 0.120 mol
Moles of HNO3 = Volume (L) x Concentration (mol/L)
Moles of HNO3 = 0.400 L x 0.40 mol/L = 0.160 mol
Step 2: Determine the limiting reagent:
In this case, HNO3 is the limiting reagent because it will be completely consumed in the reaction before NaOH.
Step 3: Determine the moles of H+ ions:
HNO3 is a strong acid that completely dissociates in water to form H+ ions. Therefore, the moles of H+ ions will be equal to the moles of HNO3.
Moles of H+ ions = 0.160 mol
Step 4: Calculate the concentration of H+ ions in the solution:
Concentration (mol/L) = Moles / Volume (L)
Concentration of H+ ions = 0.160 mol / (0.600 L + 0.400 L) = 0.160 mol / 1.000 L = 0.160 M
Therefore, the H+ concentration of the solution is 0.160 M.
To find the H+ concentration of the solution formed by combining NaOH and HNO3, we can use the concept of neutralization reactions. When NaOH reacts with HNO3, they undergo a neutralization reaction to form water (H2O) and a salt (NaNO3).
The balanced equation for the neutralization reaction is:
NaOH + HNO3 -> NaNO3 + H2O
From the balanced equation, we can see that the number of moles of H+ ions in the solution is equal to the number of moles of HNO3 used.
Given:
Volume of NaOH solution (V1) = 600 mL = 0.600 L
Molarity of NaOH solution (M1) = 0.20 M
Volume of HNO3 solution (V2) = 400 mL = 0.400 L
Molarity of HNO3 solution (M2) = 0.40 M
First, calculate the number of moles of HNO3 used (n2):
n2 = M2 * V2
= 0.40 M * 0.400 L
= 0.160 moles
Since HNO3 is a strong acid, it dissociates completely in water to release one H+ ion for every HNO3 molecule.
Therefore, the number of moles of H+ ions in the solution (nH+) is also equal to 0.160 moles.
To find the H+ concentration, we need to convert moles to molarity. Molarity (M) is defined as moles of solute divided by the volume of the solution in liters.
H+ concentration = nH+ / V_solution
= 0.160 moles / (V1 + V2)
= 0.160 moles / (0.600 L + 0.400 L)
= 0.160 moles / 1.000 L
= 0.160 M
Therefore, the H+ concentration of the solution formed by combining 600 mL of 0.20 M NaOH with 400 mL of 0.40 M HNO3 is 0.160 M.