When 260. mL of 1.50 x 10-4 M hydrochloric acid is added to 125 mL of 1.75 x 10-4 M Mg(OH)2, the resulting solution will be
1. Write and balance the equation.
2. Calculate moles of HCl and moles Mg(OH)2, determine which will react completely and which will remain, then calculate pH from that data. Post your work if you get stuck.
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To determine the resulting solution when hydrochloric acid (HCl) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) are mixed, we need to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction and the concentrations of the reactants.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between HCl and Mg(OH)2 is:
2HCl + Mg(OH)2 --> MgCl2 + 2H2O
From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of HCl react with 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 to produce 1 mole of MgCl2 and 2 moles of water.
To find the concentration of each reactant in the solution, we need to use the given volumes and molarities.
For hydrochloric acid:
Volume of HCl = 260 mL
Concentration of HCl = 1.50 x 10^-4 M
To calculate the number of moles of HCl, we need to convert the volume from milliliters to liters:
Volume of HCl = 260 mL = 260/1000 = 0.26 L
Now we can calculate the number of moles of HCl:
Moles of HCl = Concentration of HCl x Volume of HCl
Moles of HCl = (1.50 x 10^-4 M) x (0.26 L)
Next, we consider magnesium hydroxide:
Volume of Mg(OH)2 = 125 mL
Concentration of Mg(OH)2 = 1.75 x 10^-4 M
Converting the volume to liters:
Volume of Mg(OH)2 = 125 mL = 125/1000 = 0.125 L
Calculating moles of Mg(OH)2:
Moles of Mg(OH)2 = Concentration of Mg(OH)2 x Volume of Mg(OH)2
Moles of Mg(OH)2 = (1.75 x 10^-4 M) x (0.125 L)
Now that we have calculated the moles of HCl and Mg(OH)2, we can determine the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the one that is completely consumed in the reaction and determines the amount of product formed.
To find the limiting reactant, compare the moles of HCl and Mg(OH)2. The reactant with the smaller number of moles is the limiting reactant.
Next, use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of product formed. In this case, we are interested in the moles of MgCl2.
From the balanced equation, we know that 2 moles of HCl react with 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 to produce 1 mole of MgCl2.
Compare the moles of the limiting reactant with the stoichiometry to find the number of moles of MgCl2 formed.
Finally, to determine the resulting solution, you can calculate the concentration of the MgCl2 formed by dividing the number of moles by the total volume of the resulting solution.
Remember to convert the volume to liters: Total volume of resulting solution = (Volume of HCl + Volume of Mg(OH)2)/1000
Once you have the concentration of the MgCl2, you can provide the final answer regarding the resulting solution.