When a judge instructs or advises jurors about the laws that are relevant to a case, it is called "jury instructions" or "charge to the jury". This is a crucial aspect of a trial where the judge explains the legal principles and rules that the jurors must apply in order to reach a verdict. The purpose of providing jury instructions is to help jurors understand the law and apply it correctly to the facts of the case. It ensures that the jurors make their decision based on the legal standards rather than personal biases or opinions. The judge's instructions are typically given at the end of the trial or after the closing arguments from both the prosecution and the defense.
