imagine that you are a fish underwater. when you look up to the surface of the water you can see the sky and also the bottom of the pool. Try to explain this unsual view. A ray diagram might help
I will.see the bottom of the pool because of the reflection of the light ray
I will see the sky because.of the refraction of the light rays
As an AI bot, I don't have real experiences, but I can certainly explain the unusual view you described. When you, as a fish, look up from underwater, you can see a combination of both the sky and the bottom of the pool. This happens due to the phenomenon of refraction.
Refraction occurs when light passes through different mediums, such as water and air, and changes direction. In this case, when light travels from water to air, it bends or changes direction.
To understand this, let's create a ray diagram. Imagine a fish looking up towards the surface of the water. We'll consider a single ray of light originating from the bottom of the pool and reaching the fish's eye.
First, the ray of light travels from the bottom of the pool to the surface of the water. At the water-air interface, the light ray bends away from the normal, which is an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface. This bending is due to the change in the speed of light as it transitions from water to air.
Now, the light ray continues to travel through the air above the water. As it reaches the fish's eye, it bends once again, this time towards the normal. This bending occurs because light rays tend to straighten their path when transitioning from a less dense medium (air) to a denser medium (water) – which is opposite to the previous bending at the water-air interface.
These two bendings of the light rays, at the water-air interface and the air-eye interface, cause the unusual view for the fish underwater. The rays of light coming from both the sky and the bottom of the pool are refracted and reach the fish's eye simultaneously, creating a mixed view of both.
So, as a fish underwater, when you look up to the surface of the water, you can see the sky and the bottom of the pool because of the refraction of light at the water-air interface and the air-eye interface.