Current passes through a solution of sodium chloride. In 1.00 second, 2.68 x 10^16 Na+ ions arrive at the negative electrode and 3.92 x 10^16 Cl-ions arrive at the positive electrode.
What is the current passing between the electrodes? Current = mA
What is the direction of the current? away from the negative electrode or toward the negatuve electrode?
Current passes through a solution of sodium chloride. In 1.00 second, 2.68 x 10^16 Na+ ions arrive at the negative electrode and 3.92 x 10^16 Cl-ions arrive at the positive electrode.
What is the current passing between the electrodes?
Current = mA
What is the direction of the current? away from the negative electrode or toward the negatuve electrode?
To find the current passing between the electrodes, we first need to calculate the total charge that has passed through the solution. We can use Faraday's constant (F) to do this, which is the charge of one mole of electrons and is equal to 96,485 C/mol.
1. Starting with the number of Na+ ions that arrived at the negative electrode (2.68 x 10^16), we need to convert it to moles. The molar mass of sodium (Na) is 22.99 g/mol, so we can calculate:
moles of Na+ ions = (2.68 x 10^16) / (6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol)
= 4.45 x 10^-8 mol of Na+ ions
2. Now we can convert the moles of Na+ ions to the total charge that passed through the solution. Multiply the moles by the charge of one Na+ ion (1 e-):
charge from Na+ ions = (4.45 x 10^-8 mol) x (1 e-)
= 4.45 x 10^-8 C
3. Repeat the same steps for the Cl- ions that arrived at the positive electrode:
moles of Cl- ions = (3.92 x 10^16) / (6.02 x 10^23 ions/mol)
= 6.50 x 10^-8 mol of Cl- ions
charge from Cl- ions = (6.50 x 10^-8 mol) x (1 e-)
= 6.50 x 10^-8 C
4. The total charge passing between the electrodes is the sum of the charges from the Na+ and Cl- ions:
total charge = charge from Na+ ions + charge from Cl- ions
= (4.45 x 10^-8 C) + (6.50 x 10^-8 C)
= 1.089 x 10^-7 C
5. To find the current passing between the electrodes, divide the total charge by the time (1.00 second). Since the question asks for the result in milliamperes (mA), we need to convert from Coulombs to milliamperes:
current = total charge / time
= (1.089 x 10^-7 C) / (1.00 s)
= 1.089 x 10^-7 A
= 108.9 mA
Therefore, the current passing between the electrodes is 108.9 mA.
The direction of the current is from the negative electrode to the positive electrode.
To find the current passing between the electrodes, you need to use Faraday's law of electrolysis. According to Faraday's law, the amount of substance deposited or liberated during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passing through the solution.
First, calculate the total number of ions that arrived at each electrode within the given time:
Number of Na+ ions = 2.68 x 10^16 ions
Number of Cl- ions = 3.92 x 10^16 ions
Next, calculate the total charge (Q) passed through the solution using the equation:
Q = (number of ions) × (charge of each ion)
The charge of each ion can be obtained from the ionization of sodium chloride, where Na+ ions have a charge of +1 and Cl- ions have a charge of -1.
Q = (2.68 x 10^16 ions) × (+1 e) + (3.92 x 10^16 ions) × (-1 e)
The elementary charge is e = 1.6 x 10^-19 C (coulombs).
After calculating the total charge (Q), find the current (I) passing between the electrodes using the equation:
I = Q / t
Here, t is the given time interval of 1.00 second.
Finally, convert the current to milliamperes (mA) by multiplying it by 1000.
Now, let's calculate the current passing between the electrodes:
Q = (2.68 x 10^16 ions) × (1.6 x 10^-19 C) + (3.92 x 10^16 ions) × (-1.6 x 10^-19 C)
= 4.288 x 10^-3 C
I = Q / t = (4.288 x 10^-3 C) / (1.00 s) = 4.288 x 10^-3 A
The current passing between the electrodes is 4.288 x 10^-3 Amperes (A) or 4.288 milliamperes (mA).
To determine the direction of the current, you need to consider the movement of the ions. Na+ ions arrive at the negative electrode (cathode), which implies that positive ions are moving towards the negative electrode. Cl- ions arrive at the positive electrode (anode), indicating that negative ions are moving towards the positive electrode. Therefore, the direction of the current is away from the negative electrode (cathode).