two common ways in which a glacier can cause ersion?

As the glacier moves, it scours the topsoil and rocks off and deposits them elsewhere. The Canadian Shield was scoured by glaciers so that much of the bedrock is on the surface.

As the glacier melts, the water erodes the land.

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Glaciers can cause erosion in two common ways: plucking and abrasion.

1. Plucking: This process occurs when a glacier freezes onto bedrock and then pulls and plucks out rocks as it moves. Here's how this happens:
- As a glacier moves, the ice can melt and refreeze, forming an ice layer beneath it.
- This frozen layer acts like a giant adhesive, attaching itself to the underlying bedrock.
- As the glacier continues to move, the ice effectively plucks away rock fragments from the underlying surface, incorporating them into the ice.
- Over time, this plucking process can cause the removal of large chunks of bedrock, which can then be transported by the glacier.

2. Abrasion: Glacial abrasion refers to the process of a glacier scraping and grinding against the underlying bedrock, wearing it down. Here's how this occurs:
- As a glacier moves, it carries debris, such as rocks and sediment, along with it.
- These materials act like sandpaper, scratching and scraping the bedrock over which the glacier moves.
- As the glacier advances, it grinds against the surface, causing abrasion and wearing down the rocks and other geological features.
- The abrasive action of the debris can polish and groove the bedrock, leaving behind characteristic marks and landforms.

To see the effects of glacier erosion, you can observe various landforms produced by glaciers, such as U-shaped valleys, cirques, and glacial striations. Examining these landforms can provide evidence of the erosion processes caused by glaciers. Additionally, scientific studies and research papers on glacial erosion can provide more detailed explanations and evidence of these erosion mechanisms.