why is the reaction mixture(isopentyl acid, glacial acetic acid,concentrated ssulfuric acid) extracted with sodium bicarbonate?give an equation and explain its relevance
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Is this some kind of a guessing game? I just scrolled down the list of posts and saw that you asked, and Bob Pursley answered, other questions but most just gave snippets of the question. Please post what you are doing. We really have trouble answering questions when we don't know the question.
The reaction mixture consisting of isopentyl acid, glacial acetic acid, and concentrated sulfuric acid is commonly encountered in the synthesis of isopentyl acetate, also known as banana oil. The extraction with sodium bicarbonate is performed to remove any acidic impurities, such as excess acetic acid or sulfuric acid.
When the reaction occurs between isopentyl acid and glacial acetic acid, it produces isopentyl acetate and water. However, both acetic acid and sulfuric acid are acids and can contaminate the product. To separate these acidic impurities from the reaction mixture, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is added.
The reaction between sodium bicarbonate and an acid is known as an acid-base reaction and produces carbon dioxide gas (CO2), water, and a salt (in this case, sodium acetate or sodium sulfate, depending on the acid used). The balanced equation for this reaction with glacial acetic acid is:
CH3COOH (acetic acid) + NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) -> CH3COONa (sodium acetate) + H2O (water) + CO2 (carbon dioxide)
The carbon dioxide gas produced during the reaction causes the mixture to effervesce or bubble. This effervescence indicates that the sodium bicarbonate has reacted with the acidic impurities.
The relevance of this reaction is that sodium bicarbonate is a basic compound, meaning it can neutralize acids. By adding sodium bicarbonate to the reaction mixture, any acidic impurities present will react with the sodium bicarbonate, converting them into their corresponding salts. These salts are water-soluble and can be easily separated from the organic product.
Once the extraction with sodium bicarbonate is complete, the resulting mixture is usually separated into two layers. The top layer is the organic layer containing the desired product, isopentyl acetate, while the bottom layer contains the water-soluble salts. The organic layer can then be further purified and isolated.