What acid and what strong base would react in aqueous solution to produce the following salts in the formula equation? Write the balanced formula equation for each reaction.
a. potassium perchlorate
b. cesium nitrate
c. calcium iodide
Complete and balance the reactions below:
a) HClO4 + KOH -->
b) CsOH + HNO3 -->
c) Ca(OH)2 + HI -->
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To determine the acid and strong base that would react to form each salt, we need to consider the anions present in the salt. We can identify the acid and base from the anions and then write the balanced formula equation.
a. Potassium perchlorate consists of the potassium cation (K+) and the perchlorate anion (ClO4-). The perchlorate anion indicates that the acid involved in the reaction is perchloric acid (HClO4), which is a strong acid. The strong base needed to react with perchloric acid is potassium hydroxide (KOH). Therefore, the balanced formula equation is:
HClO4 + KOH → KClO4 + H2O
b. Cesium nitrate is composed of the cesium cation (Cs+) and the nitrate anion (NO3-). The nitrate anion indicates that the acid involved in the reaction is nitric acid (HNO3), which is a strong acid. The strong base needed to react with nitric acid is cesium hydroxide (CsOH). Therefore, the balanced formula equation is:
HNO3 + CsOH → CsNO3 + H2O
c. Calcium iodide consists of the calcium cation (Ca2+) and the iodide anion (I-). The iodide anion indicates that the acid involved in the reaction is hydriodic acid (HI), which is a strong acid. The strong base needed to react with hydriodic acid is calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). Therefore, the balanced formula equation is:
2 HI + Ca(OH)2 → CaI2 + 2 H2O