A passenger on a bus moving with uniform velocity lurches forward when the bus stops suddenly. Explain?
I do not understand this
Matter in motion (the passenger, in this case) tends to remain in motion. (Newton's first law)
When a bus is moving with uniform velocity, it means that the bus is moving at a constant speed in a straight line without any changes in its motion. This implies that the acceleration of the bus is zero.
However, when the bus suddenly stops, it means that the bus undergoes a negative acceleration. This negative acceleration causes a change in the bus's velocity, slowing it down until it eventually comes to a halt.
Now, according to Newton's first law of motion, an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force. In this case, the external force is the sudden braking of the bus. When the bus stops suddenly, the passenger's body, which was initially moving with the same velocity as the bus, tends to stay in motion due to inertia.
As a result, the inertia of the passenger causes them to lurch forward. Their body continues to move forward momentarily, even though the bus has stopped. It is this forward motion that causes the passenger to lurch forward until they are brought to a stop by something else, like a seatbelt, grabbing onto a handrail, or by colliding with another object such as the seat in front of them.
In summary, the lurching forward of the passenger when the bus stops suddenly is due to their inertia, which causes their body to continue moving forward momentarily even after the bus has come to a halt.