Posted by physics on Thursday, August 13, 2009 at 12:07pm.
"what is different in that equation for the Moon than the Earth?"
The mass of the body (Earth or moon) as well as the distance (radius, if one is on the surface) is different.
However, when using that equation to calculate gravitational forces between several lab objects, unless the objects are extremely massive the gravitational forces between them will be slight, almost negligent compared to the force of weight.
Drag will decrease the measured acceleration rate below the nominal 9.81 m/s^2 value.
The actual value of computed g, assuming no drag, also varies somewhat over the earth's surface due to the earth's spin (which causes a latitude-dependent centrifugal force to get subtracted), lack of a perfect spherical shape of the earth, and the proximity of very high mountain ranges.
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