If the inner core reaches temperatures exceeding 6000c, in what phase/state of matter would these matters exist?
A. gas; the temperature is so great that the atoms vaporize
B. solid; the pressure is so great that the atoms are forced together
C. liquid; the temperature exceeds the melting pot
D. gas; the pressure keeps the atoms from changing to a liquid or solid form
To determine the phase/state of matter in which a substance exists at a given temperature and pressure, you can consult a phase diagram or use your knowledge of the behavior of different substances at extreme conditions.
In this case, the inner core reaching temperatures exceeding 6000°C suggests extreme heat. Let's break down the options to find the correct phase/state:
A. "Gas; the temperature is so great that the atoms vaporize"
At temperatures exceeding 6000°C, most substances would indeed be in a gaseous state. However, the Earth's inner core is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel alloy due to the immense pressure. So, this option is unlikely.
B. "Solid; the pressure is so great that the atoms are forced together"
This option seems more plausible. While high pressure can force atoms closely together, it's crucial to note that the inner core's extreme temperatures exceed the melting point of iron, which is around 1538°C. With temperatures above the melting point, solid iron would likely change to a different phase.
C. "Liquid; the temperature exceeds the melting point"
This option aligns with our previous explanation. At temperatures exceeding the melting point, solid iron would indeed transform into a liquid state. Therefore, this option is the most accurate.
D. "Gas; the pressure keeps the atoms from changing to a liquid or solid form"
While pressure can influence the phase of matter, the extremely high temperatures mentioned in the question would cause iron to melt and turn into a liquid, rather than remaining in a gaseous state.
In conclusion, the correct answer is C. "Liquid; the temperature exceeds the melting point."