Rawlsian 'state of nature' implies? (a) a veil of ignorance (b) social inequality (c) struggle of all against all (d) absolute power
Check out this article and see what you think.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_nature
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Rawlsian+%22state+of+nature%22&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=
Let us know what you decide.
The Rawlsian 'state of nature' refers to a hypothetical scenario proposed by American philosopher, John Rawls, in his book "A Theory of Justice." In this scenario, individuals are placed in an original position before the establishment of any societal structure or rules. The implications of the Rawlsian state of nature are as follows:
(a) Veil of ignorance: Rawls argues that individuals in the state of nature are placed behind a "veil of ignorance." This means that they are not aware of their own personal characteristics, such as their gender, race, wealth, talents, or social status. The purpose behind this concept is to ensure fairness and impartiality. By knowing nothing about themselves, individuals can make decisions about societal arrangements in a unbiased manner.
(b) Social inequality: Rawls argues that social inequality may arise in the state of nature and can be justified only if it benefits the least advantaged members of society. He proposes the principle of justice known as the difference principle, which suggests that any unequal distribution of social and economic goods should be arranged in a way that maximizes benefits for the least well-off individuals. This principle aims to create a more equitable society.
(c) Struggle of all against all: Unlike Thomas Hobbes' concept of the state of nature, Rawls does not envision a scenario of a constant struggle of all against all. Instead, he assumes that individuals in the state of nature have a sense of justice and are capable of cooperation. They can come together to establish a social contract and agree upon principles of justice that govern the distribution of resources and opportunities.
(d) Absolute power: Rawls does not support the existence of absolute power in the state of nature. Instead, he argues for the establishment of a just and fair society through a mutually agreed social contract. This contract should be based on principles determined by individuals behind the veil of ignorance to balance social equality and the interests of the least advantaged members of society.
In summary, the Rawlsian 'state of nature' implies the existence of a veil of ignorance, the possibility of social inequality justified by benefits for the least well-off, the potential for cooperation among individuals, and the rejection of absolute power.