Alcohol dissolves in water, oil does not. What is a likely explanation for this difference between oil and alcohol?
A rectangular solid with the dimension 1m x 1m x 3m is divided nto three equal cubes. How much is the surfacearea of this solid increased?
oil is a covalent compound. Alcohol is a covalent compound with a polar end (OH). The polar end will be attracted by water molecules, which are polar.
Thanks!!!!!!!!! Can you also answer the second question, too?
The difference in solubility between alcohol and oil in water can be partly attributed to their molecular structures and intermolecular forces.
Alcohol molecules, such as ethanol (C2H5OH), contain both polar and nonpolar regions. The hydroxyl group (-OH) in alcohol is polar, meaning it has a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom. Water is also a polar molecule, with partial positive charges on its hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on its oxygen atom. This polarity allows alcohol molecules to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, enabling them to dissolve in water.
In contrast, oil molecules, such as those found in vegetable oil or gasoline, are nonpolar. They consist mostly of carbon and hydrogen atoms bonded together in long hydrocarbon chains. Nonpolar molecules do not have the partial charges that allow them to form hydrogen bonds with water. Instead, the intermolecular forces between oil molecules, known as Van der Waals forces, are weak and do not interact as strongly with the polar water molecules. As a result, oil does not dissolve in water and tends to separate from it.
Now, regarding the second question about the increase in surface area, let's break it down step by step:
The original rectangular solid has dimensions 1m x 1m x 3m. This represents a total surface area of all its faces.
The surface area of a rectangular solid can be calculated using the formula: Area = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh
Substituting the given dimensions, we have:
Area = 2(1m)(1m) + 2(1m)(1m) + 2(1m)(3m)
Simplifying the equation:
Area = 2m² + 2m² + 6m²
Area = 10m²
So, the original rectangular solid has a surface area of 10 square meters.
Now, when the solid is divided into three equal cubes, each cube will have dimensions 1m x 1m x 1m.
The surface area of each cube can be calculated using the same formula:
Area = 2(1m)(1m) + 2(1m)(1m) + 2(1m)(1m)
Area = 6m²
Since there are three equal cubes, the total surface area of the three cubes will be:
Total Surface Area = 3 x 6m²
Total Surface Area = 18m²
To find the increase in surface area, we subtract the original surface area from the total surface area of the three cubes:
Surface Area Increase = Total Surface Area - Original Surface Area
Surface Area Increase = 18m² - 10m²
Surface Area Increase = 8m²
Therefore, the surface area of the solid is increased by 8 square meters when it is divided into three equal cubes.