5.From the amino acids below, name the amino acids you expect to find in the following regions of an enzyme and explain why.
Ala, Val, Leu, Ser, Thr, Asn, Arg, Lys, Met, Pro, Gly, Phe, Cys, His
a. Turn
b. Interior
c. Surface
d. Active site (for General Acid-Base catalysis)
From the amino acids below, name the amino acids you expect to find in the following regions of an enzyme and explain why.
Ala, Val, Leu, Ser, Thr, Asn, Arg, Lys, Met, Pro, Gly, Phe, Cys, His
a. Turn
b. Interior
c. Surface
d. Active site (for General Acid-Base catalysis)
To determine the amino acids that you would expect to find in each region of an enzyme, you need to consider the properties and characteristics of the given amino acids.
a. Turn:
In a turn region of an enzyme, you would expect to find amino acids that are flexible and have the ability to change direction. Proline (Pro) is commonly found in turn regions because its rigid structure promotes sharp turns. Glycine (Gly) is also commonly found as it is the smallest amino acid, allowing for more flexibility in the turn.
Therefore, Pro and Gly are the amino acids you would expect to find in the turn region.
b. Interior:
In the interior of an enzyme, you would expect to find amino acids that provide stability to the protein structure. Amino acids with bulky side chains such as Valine (Val), Leucine (Leu), and Isoleucine (Ile) contribute to the hydrophobic interactions in the interior, forming stable protein cores.
Therefore, Val, Leu, and Ile are the amino acids you would expect to find in the interior region.
c. Surface:
The surface of an enzyme is exposed to the solvent environment, and thus, you would expect to find amino acids with charged or polar side chains. Amino acids such as Asparagine (Asn), Arginine (Arg), Lysine (Lys), and Histidine (His) all have polar or charged side chains and are often found on the surface, interacting with water molecules and participating in interactions with other molecules.
Therefore, Asn, Arg, Lys, and His are the amino acids you would expect to find on the surface region.
d. Active site (for General Acid-Base catalysis):
The active site of an enzyme is where the catalytic reaction occurs. For general acid-base catalysis, you would expect to find amino acids with ionizable side chains that can donate or accept protons. Amino acids such as Serine (Ser), Threonine (Thr), and Cysteine (Cys) all have side chains that can act as potential proton donors or acceptors.
Therefore, Ser, Thr, and Cys are the amino acids you would expect to find in the active site for general acid-base catalysis.