Select all true statements from the following:
a. ) Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
b. ) Nonmetals generally react by forming covalent bonds (i.e. sharing electrons) or by gaining electrons to form anions.
c. ) Halogen atoms have the highest ionization energies amongst all groups in the periodic table.
d. ) All nonmetal atoms release energy when forming a 1- anion.
Two statements are correct, one is wrong, and one is probably correct in the context it is asked.
Noble gas atoms have higher ionization energies than halogens.
Those nonmetals that form stable anions release energy as they do so.
a. ) Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
c. ) Halogen atoms have the highest ionization energies amongst all groups in the periodic table.
To determine which statements are true, we can examine each statement individually:
a) Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
This statement is true. Metals have a high degree of electrical conductivity, allowing them to transfer heat and electricity effectively.
b) Nonmetals generally react by forming covalent bonds (i.e., sharing electrons) or by gaining electrons to form anions.
This statement is also true. Nonmetals tend to form covalent bonds by sharing electrons or gain electrons to form negatively charged ions (anions).
c) Halogen atoms have the highest ionization energies amongst all groups in the periodic table.
This statement is false. Halogens belong to Group 17 (Group VIIA), and while they have relatively high ionization energies compared to other elements, they do not have the highest ionization energies amongst all groups in the periodic table.
d) All nonmetal atoms release energy when forming a 1- anion.
This statement is false. Nonmetal atoms do not always release energy when forming a 1- anion. Electron affinity, the energy change that occurs when a neutral atom gains an electron to become an anion, can be either endothermic (energy is absorbed) or exothermic (energy is released) depending on the specific nonmetal atom.
Therefore, the true statements from the given options are:
a) Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
b) Nonmetals generally react by forming covalent bonds (i.e., sharing electrons) or by gaining electrons to form anions.
I'll take a crack at this but the answers probably aren't what you are looking for.
a is generally true.
b is generally true.
c. Halogens ARE among the highest ionization potential group in the periodic table, BUT there are other elements with higher I.P. than any of the halogens; e.g., He and Kr.
d. This is generally true; however, the word ALL bothers me. I can't think of one that doesn't fit BUT one may exist.