You have a 12 M solution of hydrochloric acid. How many milliliters of this solution will give 25.0 mL of 2.0 M hydrochloric acid when diluted?
Very confusing, If I can get a step by step process on how to figure this out, that would be great.
answered above.
To figure out how many milliliters of the 12 M hydrochloric acid solution are needed to obtain 25.0 mL of a 2.0 M hydrochloric acid solution, we can use the concept of dilution.
Dilution is the process of adding a solvent (in this case, water) to a solution to decrease its concentration. The diluted solution is then known as the dilute solution.
Here's a step-by-step process to solve the problem:
Step 1: Determine the desired concentration of the final solution.
- In this case, the desired concentration is 2.0 M hydrochloric acid.
Step 2: Calculate the dilution factor.
- The dilution factor is the ratio of the final solution volume to the initial solution volume.
- In this case, the final volume is 25.0 mL, and the initial volume is what we want to calculate, let's call it V mL.
- The dilution factor is given by: dilution factor = final volume / initial volume = 25.0 mL / V mL.
Step 3: Write the equation that relates the initial and final concentrations and volumes.
- The equation is: initial concentration (12 M) * initial volume (V mL) = final concentration (2.0 M) * final volume (25.0 mL).
Step 4: Solve the equation for the initial volume (V mL).
- Rearranging the equation, we have: V mL = (final concentration * final volume) / initial concentration.
- Substituting the known values, we get: V mL = (2.0 M * 25.0 mL) / 12 M.
Step 5: Perform the calculation to find the initial volume.
- V mL = (2.0 M * 25.0 mL) / 12 M = 4.17 mL (rounded to two decimal places).
Therefore, you would need to measure approximately 4.17 mL of the 12 M hydrochloric acid solution and then dilute it with enough solvent (water) to obtain 25.0 mL of a 2.0 M hydrochloric acid solution.