State three examples each of acids, bases, and salts commonly used in therapeutic processes.
aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and vitamin B-12 (folic acid) are acids.
Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate are bases used as stomach antacids.
Magnesium citrate (laxative), ferrous sulfate (iron supplement), morphine sulfate (pain medication) are salts
To find examples of acids, bases, and salts commonly used in therapeutic processes, you can start by understanding their definitions and common applications.
1. Acids:
Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. They often have a sour taste and can react with bases to form salts. Here are three examples of acids commonly used in therapeutics:
- Ascorbic acid (vitamin C): It is an essential nutrient with antioxidative properties used to treat scurvy and enhance wound healing.
- Salicylic acid: It is used in skincare products as a keratolytic agent to treat acne, psoriasis, and other skin conditions.
- Citric acid: It is found in citrus fruits and is used as a flavoring agent in many pharmaceutical preparations, including effervescent tablets and syrups.
2. Bases:
Bases are substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. They are characteristically bitter and can often neutralize acids. Here are three examples:
- Sodium hydroxide: Commonly known as lye, it is used as a strong base in various cleansing products or pH adjustment in medications.
- Ammonium hydroxide: It is used in the manufacturing of multiple drugs, including antibiotics and antiseptics. In the body, it can also be found as ammonium ions.
- Aluminum hydroxide: It is used as an antacid to reduce stomach acidity and treat indigestion or heartburn.
3. Salts:
Salts are compounds formed when an acid reacts with a base, leading to the neutralization of their properties. Therapeutically, salts are used for numerous purposes, such as electrolyte replenishment, pH balance, and drug formulation. Here are three examples:
- Sodium chloride: Common table salt used for various purposes, including IV fluid administration, wound cleansing, and balanced electrolyte solutions.
- Calcium carbonate: Used as a nutritional supplement for calcium, antacid to relieve heartburn, and to manage calcium deficiency.
- Potassium iodide: Primarily used in thyroid disorders to prevent or treat iodine deficiency or as a radioprotective agent in cases of nuclear emergencies.
Remember, these examples are just a few among many acids, bases, and salts used in therapeutic processes. It is essential to consult healthcare professionals or refer to specific medical references for accurate and detailed information regarding therapeutic applications.