List two to three characteristics of Orientalism. How may Orientalism and prejudice
contribute to hate crimes against these groups?
Orientalism studies the following in the Near and Far East:
culture
language
peoples
For more information, check this article.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientalism
Two to three characteristics of Orientalism are:
1. Stereotyping: Orientalism often involves the creation and perpetuation of stereotypes about people from Asian, Middle Eastern, and North African countries. These stereotypes can include portrayals of Asians as exotic and mysterious, or stereotypes of Middle Easterners as violent or backward.
2. Othering: Orientalism involves the portrayal and perception of these groups as fundamentally different from the norm, reinforcing a sense of "us versus them." This can lead to a perceived cultural and racial hierarchy, where the "Orient" is seen as inferior or as a threat to the West.
3. Exoticization: Orientalism often involves the fascination with and romanticization of these groups, viewing them through a Eurocentric lens. This can manifest in the fetishization of Asian women or the idealization of Middle Eastern culture as exotic and alluring.
Orientalism and prejudice can contribute to hate crimes against these groups in several ways:
1. Dehumanization: By perpetuating stereotypes and "othering" these groups, Orientalism can dehumanize them and make it easier for individuals to view them as a target for hate crimes. Dehumanization reduces empathy and increases the likelihood of violence.
2. Justification of Discrimination: Orientalism can provide a framework for discrimination and marginalization. When these groups are portrayed as threats or as inferior, it can justify acts of discrimination, hate speech, and violence against them.
3. Fuelling Fear and Hostility: Orientalism can create an atmosphere of fear and hostility towards these groups, leading to hate crimes. By perpetuating stereotypes and portraying them as a threat, individuals may feel justified in lashing out in violence, seeking to protect themselves or their communities.
It is important to note that these characteristics and the impact of Orientalism can vary depending on the context and the specific groups involved, but these are some common elements.