Homework Help: Chemistry

Posted by Anonymous on Monday, June 30, 2008 at 7:19pm.

For each substance, write the formula(s) of all species you expect to be present in aqueous solution in the first column. If there are significant minor species, write their formulas in the last column. If the substance is only slightly soluble, use the molecular formula or formula unit followed by (s) for the major species.

I don't understand how you would know which is a major or minor species and what I am asked to do. Thanks in advance for the homework help!

Here is what think for the following:

HCl
I know it is soluble because it is a strong acid, so it would be H+ and Cl^-.

C6H12O6
I'm not sure about this one.

AgCl
I know it is insoluble because that is Ag+ is one of three halides exceptions, so it would remain AgCl(s)?

HNO2
I think this is a weak acid, so it would remain HNO2(s)?

CuI2
I know it is soluble because it is now one of the three halides exceptions, so it would be Cu^2+ and 2I^-.

Chemistry - DrBob222, Monday, June 30, 2008 at 7:51pm
I think you have understood fairly well. My comments follow each of your responses.
HCl
I know it is soluble because it is a strong acid, so it would be H+ and Cl^-.
Correct, and since this is a strong acid; i.e., 100% ionized, then there is no HCl hanging around, with H^+ and Cl^- being major species.

C6H12O6
I'm not sure about this one.

More than likely, this is glucose or fructose, an organic molecule, but completely soluble in water. So it would be the major species in solution which you would write as C6H12O6(aq).

AgCl
I know it is insoluble because that is Ag+ is one of three halides exceptions, so it would remain AgCl(s)?
correct

HNO2
I think this is a weak acid, so it would remain HNO2(s)?
It is not a solid. It is a weak acid; therefore, there would be minor (small) amounts of H^+ and NO2^- with major amounts of HNO2(aq) left unionized. Since it is a weak acid, that means it isn't 100% ionized.

CuI2
I know it is soluble because it is now one of the three halides exceptions, so it would be Cu^2+ and 2I^-.
correct
Chemistry - Anonymous, Monday, June 30, 2008 at 8:00pm
Thanks DrBob222! so, really, the only minor species are H+ and NO2^- for HNO2. That means only weak acids have minor species? AgCl(s) is the only solid solution, and everything else is aqueous (aq). Salts are the only type of solution that can be solids?
- Chemistry - DrBob222, Monday, June 30, 2008 at 8:11pm
  I wouldn't call AgCl a solid solution. It is a salt that is not soluble in water except to a very limited extent (The solubility product is Ksp = about 10^-10).
  Salts may be soluble or not depending upon the solubility rules and you seem to have those rules down rather well. And it is true that most INORGANIC compounds that are not soluble ARE salts, BUT there are many compounds that are not soluble in water that are not salts. For example, wood, leaves, (although both wood and leaves are mixtures of many compounds), many organic solids, etc.

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