hi,
I am trying to find the solubility of Sodium Acetate by using 0.100 mol Hydroxide(base) and 0.837 mol acetic acid( vinegar).
The theoretical solubility of sodium acetate is 82.3g/100ml at 25C. Doing calculations we would want NAOH concentration of 10.47mol/l to react with the vinegar. Since this is not possible we are going heat up the solution mixed up of acetic acid and Hydroxide until a precipitate forms to find its solubility.
I know we need a lot less acetic acid but how we know how much we need of NAOH and Acetic acid?
To determine the amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and acetic acid needed to find the solubility of sodium acetate, you need to use stoichiometry and the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between these compounds.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form sodium acetate (CH3COONa) and water (H2O) is:
CH3COOH + NaOH → CH3COONa + H2O
From the balanced equation, you can see that the stoichiometric ratio between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide is 1:1. This means that for every 1 mole of NaOH, you need 1 mole of acetic acid to react completely.
In your case, you have 0.100 mol of NaOH, so you would also need 0.100 mol of acetic acid to react completely with it. However, you have 0.837 mol of acetic acid, which is in excess.
To determine the amount of sodium acetate that will precipitate, you need to calculate the limiting reactant. In this case, the limiting reactant is sodium hydroxide because it is present in a smaller amount.
To find the solubility of sodium acetate, you will need to heat up the solution of acetic acid and sodium hydroxide mixture until a precipitate forms. The precipitate will be sodium acetate, which can then be weighed to determine its mass.
To calculate the mass of sodium acetate that will precipitate, you first need to find the number of moles of sodium acetate formed. Since the stoichiometric ratio between sodium hydroxide and sodium acetate is also 1:1, the number of moles of sodium acetate will be the same as the number of moles of sodium hydroxide used.
So, the mass of sodium acetate that will precipitate can be calculated using the formula:
mass (sodium acetate) = moles (sodium hydroxide) x molar mass (sodium acetate)
Finally, to find the solubility of sodium acetate, you can divide the mass of sodium acetate that will precipitate by the volume of the solution.
solubility = mass (sodium acetate) / volume (solution)
Remember to convert the volume of the solution to the same units as the mass of sodium acetate.
Keep in mind that this explanation assumes ideal conditions and complete reaction. In practice, the solubility might be slightly different due to factors such as temperature, pressure, impurities, and other variables.
To determine the amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and acetic acid needed for the reaction, you first need to calculate the molar ratio between them based on the balanced chemical equation. The balanced equation for the reaction between NaOH and acetic acid (HC2H3O2) is:
NaOH + HC2H3O2 → H2O + NaC2H3O2
From the equation, you can see that one mole of NaOH reacts with one mole of HC2H3O2. Therefore, the ratio is 1:1.
In your case, you have 0.100 mol of NaOH and 0.837 mol of acetic acid. Since the ratio is 1:1, you know that you will need the same amount of moles for both NaOH and acetic acid.
Therefore, to match the number of moles of acetic acid, you will need to use 0.100 mol of NaOH. Similarly, to match the number of moles of NaOH, you will need to use 0.837 mol of acetic acid.
Since acetic acid is available in excess, you only need to focus on the amount of NaOH used in the reaction.
Keep in mind that this calculation assumes that the reaction goes to completion and that the acetic acid is fully consumed. However, in practice, other factors such as the equilibrium of the reaction and the formation of byproducts may affect the actual solubility results.