How do you form the future and past tenses of -ar, -er, and/or -ir verbs?
Thank you for using the Jiskha Homework Help forum. You are actually talking of 3 modes (moods).
Future of -ar, -er and -ir verbs that regular. Take the entire infinitive and add the following endings: é, ás, á, emos, án. hablar = hablaré, hablarás, hablará, hablaremos, hablarán. Note where there MUST be accent marks. Now when you get to the irregular verbs, you have very different stems. Let us know when you are ready for that. (decir = diré, dirás, etc.)
In the past tense, there is the Preterit and the Imperfect. Any good textbook will have verbs in the Appendix.
Preterit of regular -ar verbs. (Again there are irregulars, so this only going to help you with regular verbs.) Drop the -ar and add: é, aste, ó, amos, aron. (hablé, hablaste, etc.)
Preterit of regular -er and -ir verbs. (even more irregulars here, with different endings. Yes, I am saying there are 3 different sets of endings. Two sets worry about accent marks and one does not.) Drop the -er, -ir and add the endings: í, iste, ió, imos, ieron. Yes, same set of endings for -er as -ir. (comer = comí, comiste and vivir = viví, viviste.)
Imperfect of -ar, -er, -ir has ONE set of endings for all regular verbs that are -ar, a different set for those ending in -er, -ir and only 3 verbs are irregular! Drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er or -ir) and add: for -ar verbs: aba, abas, aba, ábamos (only form with accent), aban. (hablar = hablaba, hablabas and yes 3rd person looks just like first = hablaba.) For -er/-ir = ía, ías, ía, íamos, ían = yes ALL have accent marks. (comía, comías, etc. and vivía, vivías.)
The 3 irregular verbs in the Imperfect are: ser = era, eras, era, éramos, eran / ir = iba, ibas, iba, íbamos, iban / ver = veía, veías, veía, veíamos, veían.
Sra
Thanks! :)
Or rather, (upside-down !) gracias!
To form the future and past tenses of -ar, -er, and -ir verbs in Spanish, you need to understand the conjugation patterns for each tense.
For -ar verbs:
1. Future tense: Take the infinitive form of the verb (ending in -ar) and add the appropriate endings:
- yo form: -aré
- tú form: -arás
- él/ella/usted form: -ará
- nosotros/nosotras form: -aremos
- vosotros/vosotras form: -aréis
- ellos/ellas/ustedes form: -arán
2. Past tense (also known as the preterite tense): Conjugate the verb by removing the -ar ending and adding these endings:
- yo form: -é
- tú form: -aste
- él/ella/usted form: -ó
- nosotros/nosotras form: -amos
- vosotros/vosotras form: -asteis
- ellos/ellas/ustedes form: -aron or -aron
For -er and -ir verbs:
1. Future tense: Take the infinitive form of the verb (ending in -er or -ir) and add the appropriate endings:
- yo form: -eré or -iré
- tú form: -erás or -irás
- él/ella/usted form: -erá or -irá
- nosotros/nosotras form: -eremos or -iremos
- vosotros/vosotras form: -eréis or -iréis
- ellos/ellas/ustedes form: -erán or -irán
2. Past tense (preterite tense): Conjugate the verb by removing the -er or -ir ending and add the following endings:
- yo form: -í or -í
- tú form: -iste or -iste
- él/ella/usted form: -ió or -ió
- nosotros/nosotras form: -imos or -imos
- vosotros/vosotras form: -isteis or -isteis
- ellos/ellas/ustedes form: -ieron or -ieron
These are the general conjugation patterns for -ar, -er, and -ir verbs in the future and past tenses. However, it's important to note that some irregular verbs may have different conjugation patterns in these tenses, so it's recommended to consult a reliable Spanish verb conjugation resource or textbook for a comprehensive list of irregular verbs.