These didn't want to post for some reason, let's try again, these are the questions:

1. When a company modifies its pension benefits the way General Motors did, what name do we give the added cost? How is it accounted for?
2. What does GM mean when it says its “unfunded pension obligation and pension expense are expected to be unfavorably impacted as a result of the recently completed labor negotiations?

To answer your first question, when a company modifies its pension benefits like General Motors did, the added cost is known as the "pension settlement cost." This cost is recognized and accounted for in the company's financial statements as a special item or as an extraordinary item. The specific accounting treatment may vary based on the accounting rules followed by the company.

To determine how this cost is accounted for, you can refer to General Motors' financial statements or annual report. Look for the section on pension benefits or employee benefits, where they should disclose information about the pension settlement cost and its accounting treatment. This will provide you with the specific details on how GM recognized the added cost in its financial statements.

Moving on to your second question, when General Motors states that its "unfunded pension obligation and pension expense are expected to be unfavorably impacted as a result of the recently completed labor negotiations," they are indicating that the outcome of the labor negotiations will negatively affect the company's financial position related to its pension obligations.

To understand the specific impact and the reasons behind it, you can review General Motors' public statements or press releases regarding the labor negotiations. Look for details on the changes or provisions related to pension benefits that were agreed upon during the negotiations. This information will give you insights into the expected negative impact on the company's unfunded pension obligation (the amount the company owes its pension beneficiaries but has not set aside enough assets to cover) and the pension expense (the cost incurred by the company to provide pension benefits to its employees) as a result of the labor negotiations.