public opinion is made known through all of the following EXCEPT

a. interest groups
b. personal contacts
c. the media
d. peer groups

im pretty sure its b...

I suspect that you are right.

The correct answer is b. personal contacts. Public opinion is primarily made known through interest groups, the media, and peer groups. Personal contacts may influence an individual's opinion, but it is not a direct means by which public opinion is communicated or expressed.

To determine which option does not involve making public opinion known, let's break down each option:

a. Interest Groups: Interest groups are organizations that advocate for specific issues and work to influence public opinion and government policies. They actively work to make public opinion known, so this option is not the correct answer.

b. Personal Contacts: Personal contacts allow individuals to share their opinions with their acquaintances, friends, and family members. While personal contacts can contribute to the formation and discussion of public opinion, they are not a systematic means through which public opinion is made known. Therefore, this option could potentially be the correct answer.

c. The Media: The media, including news outlets, television, radio, and online platforms, play a crucial role in shaping and disseminating public opinion. They provide information and analysis on various topics, influencing public perception and generating discussions. The media actively amplify public opinion rather than being the exception.

d. Peer Groups: Peer groups refer to social groups with shared characteristics, such as age, interests, or background, among its members. Peer groups provide an environment where individuals can express their opinions and be influenced by the opinions of others within the group. As such, they contribute to making public opinion known.

Considering the above analysis, the option that does not involve making public opinion known is b. personal contacts. Therefore, your initial assumption is correct.