What are the monosaccharides present in starch, glycogen, and cellulose?
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Carbohydrates.html
What is glucose?
To determine the monosaccharides present in starch, glycogen, and cellulose, we need to understand the structures of these polysaccharides and how they are composed.
Polysaccharides are long chains of repeating monosaccharide units. Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all polysaccharides, but they differ in their monosaccharide composition and the type of linkages between the monosaccharides.
Starch is primarily composed of two monosaccharides: glucose and amylose. Amylose is an unbranched chain of glucose units joined by α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Starch also contains amylopectin, a branched chain of glucose units connected by both α-1,4-glycosidic bonds and α-1,6-glycosidic bonds.
Glycogen, which serves as the storage form of glucose in animals, consists of many glucose monomers linked together. It is highly branched, similar to amylopectin, with α-1,4-glycosidic bonds forming the main chain and α-1,6-glycosidic bonds creating branch points.
Cellulose, on the other hand, is a polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants. It differs from starch and glycogen in both monosaccharide composition and linkages. Cellulose is made up of glucose monomers linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Unlike α-1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch and glycogen, β-1,4-glycosidic bonds cannot be broken down by human digestive enzymes due to their different structures.
In summary, starch and glycogen contain glucose as the primary monosaccharide unit, while cellulose is also composed of glucose units but linked together by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds.