please check my answers and help me with the first one.
how can you charge an object negatively with only the help of a positively charged object?
-This one I am not too sure,
when one material is rubbed against another electrons jump readily from one to the other but protons do not. why is this? (think in atomic terms)
-Is it because they are in an excited state
how do electrical field lines indicate the strength of an electric field?
-The closer they are together, the stronger the electric field.
1) See "charging a single sphere by innduction" here:
http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/class/estatics/u8l2b.html
2) No. Some of the electrons are free to move from atom to atom as a result of friction, but the nuclei are not.
3) yes
Sure, let's go through each question and I'll help you understand.
1. How can you charge an object negatively with only the help of a positively charged object?
To charge an object negatively using a positively charged object, you can use a process called induction. Here's how it works:
1. Take the positively charged object and bring it close to the neutral object (the one you want to charge negatively).
2. Due to the positive charge on the first object, the electrons in the neutral object will be attracted towards it.
3. While keeping the positively charged object near, allow the neutral object to ground itself. This can be done by connecting it to the Earth's surface (e.g., by touching it to the ground).
4. The electrons in the neutral object will flow towards the ground, leaving the object with a net positive charge.
5. Now, separate the positively charged object from the negatively charged object, and the neutral object will retain a negative charge.
You can check if your answer aligns with this explanation and adjust it accordingly.
2. When one material is rubbed against another, electrons jump readily from one to the other, but protons do not. Why is this? (Think in atomic terms)
When two materials are rubbed together, the atoms of one material get close to the atoms of the other material, leading to a transfer of charge. In this case, electrons are more mobile than protons. This is because electrons are negatively charged particles that exist in energy levels or shells around the nucleus of an atom. They are found outside the nucleus and can move within the atom.
On the other hand, protons are positively charged particles found in the atomic nucleus. They are tightly bound to the nucleus and are not easily movable because of the strong electromagnetic forces that hold them in place.
Therefore, when two materials are rubbed together, the outermost electrons from one material can easily jump to the other material, resulting in the transfer of negative charge. However, the protons in each material remain relatively stable and do not move as easily.
3. How do electric field lines indicate the strength of an electric field?
Electric field lines are used to visualize and understand the behavior of electric fields. The density and spacing of electric field lines indicate the strength of the field. Here's how:
- The closer the electric field lines are together in a specific region, the stronger the electric field is in that region.
- Conversely, when the electric field lines are farther apart, the electric field is weaker in that region.
- Electric field lines are typically drawn such that they originate from positive charges and terminate on negative charges.
- The number of electric field lines passing through a given area (perpendicular to the lines) is proportional to the electric field strength at that location.
So, if you observe electric field lines that are close together, it indicates a stronger electric field, while widely separated electric field lines represent a weaker electric field.
Review your answer in light of these explanations and adjust if needed.