For each of the following acid-base reactions, calculate the mass (in grams) of each acid necessary to completely react with and neutralize 3.60g of the base.

2HNO_3(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) -> 2H_2O(l) + Ca(NO_3)2(aq)

H_2SO_4(aq) + 2KOH(aq) -> 2H_2O(l) + K_2SO_4(aq)

how do i do these types of Chem questions? I do know which are the acids & which are the bases, but where do i go from there?

ignore this question

acid + base = salt + H2O

AHAWW

google it

To solve these types of acid-base reaction problems, you need to follow a few steps. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to approach these questions:

Step 1: Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
In the given reactions, the equations are already balanced. However, if you encounter an unbalanced equation, you should first balance it to ensure the conservation of atoms.

Step 2: Identify the molar ratio between the acids and bases.
Look at the balanced equation and determine the coefficients that relate the acids and bases. These coefficients represent the molar ratio between the substances.

For example, in the first equation: 2 HNO₃(aq) + Ca(OH)₂(aq) -> 2 H₂O(l) + Ca(NO₃)₂(aq)
The ratio between HNO₃ and Ca(OH)₂ is 2:1.

Step 3: Convert mass of the base to moles.
Take the given mass of the base (in this case, 3.60g) and use its molar mass to convert it to moles. The molar mass is calculated by adding up the atomic masses of all the elements present in the compound.

For example, in the first equation: Ca(OH)₂ has a molar mass of 74.10 g/mol. So, 3.60g of Ca(OH)₂ is equal to (3.60g / 74.10 g/mol) = 0.0486 mol.

Step 4: Calculate the moles of the acid required.
Using the molar ratio obtained in Step 2, determine the moles of the acid required to completely react with the given moles of the base.

For example, in the first equation: Since the ratio of HNO₃ to Ca(OH)₂ is 2:1, you need half as many moles of HNO₃ to neutralize the base. Therefore, you would require 0.0486 mol / 2 = 0.0243 mol of HNO₃.

Step 5: Convert moles of acid to grams.
Using the molar mass of the acid, convert the calculated moles to grams.

For example, in the first equation: HNO₃ has a molar mass of 63.01 g/mol. So, the mass of HNO₃ required is (0.0243 mol HNO₃) x (63.01 g/mol) = 1.53 g.

Repeat these steps for the second equation (H₂SO₄(aq) + 2KOH(aq) -> 2H₂O(l) + K₂SO₄(aq)) to calculate the mass of each acid.

Remember to always double-check your calculations and units.

Hope this helps! Let me know if you have any further questions.