How can u spot the difference between an Alkali and an Acid in its name
To spot the difference between an alkali and an acid in the name, you need to understand the nomenclature systems used to name these substances.
Acids typically have names that end with the suffix "-ic" or "-ous" and are preceded by the word "acid." The suffix "-ic" indicates that the acid has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H+), while the suffix "-ous" indicates a lower concentration of hydrogen ions.
For example:
- Hydrochloric acid: It contains chlorine (Cl) and has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions. Hence, it is named hydrochloric acid.
- Sulphurous acid: It contains sulfur (S) and has a lower concentration of hydrogen ions. Hence, it is named sulphurous acid.
On the other hand, alkalis are typically named using the name of the cation or hydroxide ion (OH-) it contains. Alkalis often have names that end with the word "hydroxide."
For example:
- Sodium hydroxide: It contains sodium (Na) and the hydroxide ion (OH-). Hence, it is named sodium hydroxide.
- Potassium hydroxide: It contains potassium (K) and the hydroxide ion (OH-). Hence, it is named potassium hydroxide.
In summary, acids are named with the suffix "-ic" or "-ous" preceded by the word "acid," while alkalis are named using the name of the cation or hydroxide ion with the suffix "hydroxide."