Juliane, Let's take this in the order it is usually presented in a textbook. In case the links don't turn blue (so you can click on them) I'll also give you the "address" you can copy & paste:
1. The Passé Composé with avoir:
The Passé Composé is one of the past tenses used in French. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb "avoir" (to have) or sometimes "être" (to be) in combination with the past participle of the main verb.
To form the Passé Composé with "avoir", follow these steps:
1. Choose the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb "avoir" based on the subject of the sentence. For example:
- J'ai (I have)
- Tu as (You have)
- Il/elle/on a (He/she/one has)
- Nous avons (We have)
- Vous avez (You have)
- Ils/elles ont (They have)
2. Take the past participle of the main verb and add it after the auxiliary verb. The past participle is the conjugated form of the verb that corresponds to the past tense. Different verbs have different forms. For example:
- Parler (to speak) - J'ai parlé (I spoke)
- Manger (to eat) - Tu as mangé (You ate)
- Finir (to finish) - Elle a fini (She finished)
- Prendre (to take) - Nous avons pris (We took)
- Aller (to go) - Vous avez allé (You went)
- Rester (to stay) - Ils ont resté (They stayed)
It's important to note that some verbs use "être" as the auxiliary verb instead of "avoir". These verbs usually indicate a change of state or movement. Common examples include "aller" (to go), "venir" (to come), and "arriver" (to arrive).
Remember to also conjugate the auxiliary verb according to the subject of the sentence. The past participle remains unchanged.
To further understand and practice forming the Passé Composé with avoir, you can refer to specific grammar textbooks or online resources that provide conjugation charts and examples.