what are the two requirements of matter and can matter exist at absolute zero

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To answer your question, there are two fundamental requirements for matter: mass and energy. Mass refers to the physical property of matter that determines its inertia and gravitational attraction, while energy is the ability to do work or produce heat.

Now, regarding your second question, matter can exist at absolute zero, but its behavior changes significantly. Absolute zero, also known as 0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius, is the lowest possible temperature where all molecular motion theoretically stops. At this temperature, matter reaches its minimum possible energy state.

When matter is cooled to absolute zero, many substances can undergo a phase transition called Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). In a BEC, a large number of particles, often atoms, collapse into the lowest energy state, forming a "superatom" with collective behavior. This state of matter is distinct from the typical solid, liquid, gas, or plasma phases.

It's worth noting that achieving absolute zero is extremely challenging, if not impossible in practice. As matter cools, it tends to release heat, which can prevent it from reaching absolute zero. However, scientists have come very close to reaching absolute zero in controlled laboratory settings using advanced cooling techniques such as laser cooling and evaporative cooling.

In summary, matter requires mass and energy, and while it can exist at absolute zero, its behavior undergoes significant changes at that temperature.