In which of the situations listed below is energy being transferred as heat to the system in order for the system to do work? In which situation is work being done on the system in order for energy to be transferred from the system as heat?

a. Two sticks are rubbed together to start a fire.
b. A firecracker explodes.
c. A red-hot iron bar is set aside to cool.
B and C?

2. Identify the following processes as isothermal, isovolumetric, or adiabatic:
a. a tire being rapidly inflated
isovolumetric
b. a tire expanding gradually with heating
isothermal
c. a tire being heated while in a rigid metal container
adiabatic

I responded to this a few days ago. THe first depends on the system defined. It is not defined. It is silly to answer it without system being defined. What system?

The second. Tires are flat, the volume changes. The air is cooled as it expands.
a tire being heated changes temperature.

How can a tire in a rigid container being HEATED not gain energy?

I'm stuck on the same problem ten years later. Sigh, I got a test tomorrow too!

I apologize for any confusion in my previous response. Let me clarify and provide a more accurate explanation.

1. In which of the situations listed below is energy being transferred as heat to the system in order for the system to do work? In which situation is work being done on the system in order for energy to be transferred from the system as heat?

a. Two sticks are rubbed together to start a fire.
In this situation, energy is being transferred as heat to the system (the sticks) in order for the system to do work (friction between the sticks generates heat).

b. A firecracker explodes.
In this situation, work is being done on the system (the firecracker) in order for energy to be transferred from the system as heat (the explosion releases heat energy).

c. A red-hot iron bar is set aside to cool.
In this situation, energy is being transferred from the system (the red-hot iron bar) as heat to the surroundings (the bar cools down, transferring heat to the environment).

So, the correct answer would be b. A firecracker explodes and c. A red-hot iron bar is set aside to cool.

2. Identify the following processes as isothermal, isovolumetric, or adiabatic:

a. A tire being rapidly inflated.
This process would be isothermal if the tire is being inflated rapidly without any significant heat exchange with its surroundings.

b. A tire expanding gradually with heating.
This process would be isovolumetric since the volume of the tire remains constant while it is being heated.

c. A tire being heated while in a rigid metal container.
This process would be adiabatic because the tire is being heated without any heat exchange with its surroundings due to the rigid metal container.

So, the correct answer would be a. isothermal, b. isovolumetric, and c. adiabatic.

I hope this explanation helps clarify the concepts and provides a satisfactory answer to your questions. Let me know if you have any further inquiries.

I apologize if my previous response was unclear. In the first scenario, when a firecracker explodes, energy is being transferred to the system as heat in order to do work. This is because the explosion releases heat energy, causing the system to expand and perform external work.

In the second scenario, when a red-hot iron bar is set aside to cool, work is being done on the system in order to transfer energy from the system as heat. This is because the system is losing thermal energy to its surroundings, and work is done to transfer this energy as heat through conduction and convection.

Regarding the second question, I apologize for any confusion. Let me clarify the correct answers for the specified processes:

a. A tire being rapidly inflated is considered an isothermal process. This means that the temperature inside the tire remains constant during the inflation process.

b. A tire expanding gradually with heating is considered an adiabatic process. This means that no heat is exchanged between the tire and its surroundings during the expansion, and the temperature of the tire increases due to the gradual heating.

c. If a tire is being heated while in a rigid metal container and no heat is exchanged with the surroundings, this would be considered an adiabatic process as well. The rigid container prevents any heat transfer between the tire and its surroundings.

I hope this clarifies the answers to your questions. Please let me know if you have any further inquiries.